The name "Rat Pack" was first used to refer to a group of popular entertainers in Hollywood that originally were informally organized around Humphrey Bogart (including the young Frank Sinatra). In the mid-1960s it was the name used by the press and the general public to refer to a group featuring Frank Sinatra Sammy Davis Jr. Dean Martin Peter Lawford and Joey Bishop who appeared together on stage and in films in the early 1960s including the movie ‘Oceans Eleven.’ The Rat Pack often performed in Las Vegas Nevada and were instrumental in the rise of Las Vegas as a popular entertainment destination. They played an important role in the desegregation of Las Vegas hotels and casinos in the early 1960s. Sinatra and the others refused to play in or patronize establishments that did not give full service to African-American entertainers including Sammy Davis Jr. Once Rat Pack appearances became popular and the subject of media attention the Las Vegas properties were forced to abandon their segregationist policies.